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Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis, Missouri, 1904

The World's Fair in 1904 included "incubator babies" as one of the main attractions on the Pike. The exhibit was patterned after Couney's sideshows at the Omaha Trans-Mississippi Exposition of 1898 and the Buffalo Pan-American Exposition of 1901, but Couney was not involved. After an epidemic of diarrhea among the infants, management of the exhibit was turned over to pediatrician John Zahorsky, who later documented his experiences in a series of nine articles in the St. Louis Courier of Medicine.

Above: Baby Incubator Building on the Pike at the 1904 World's Fair.

Above: Manager, Mr. E. M. Bayliss and nurses attending babies in the Baby Incubator Exhibit on the Pike at the 1904 World's Fair. Evidently this photo was taken prior to the Zahorsky regime, as the glass partition described by Zahorsky is not present.

Above: Male manager weighing a premature baby on a scale in the Baby Incubator Exhibit on the Pike at the 1904 World's Fair.

Above: "The Daily Bath." Nurse bathing an infant in the Baby Incubator Exhibit on the Pike at the 1904 World's Fair.

Above: "Two graduates of baby incubator just out." Baby Incubator Exhibit on the Pike at the 1904 World's Fair.

Above: Nurse with an infant in the Baby Incubator Exhibit on the Pike at the 1904 World's Fair.

Above: Nurses feeding premature babies in the Baby Incubator Exhibit on the Pike at the 1904 World's Fair, incubator holding two other infants on the table between them.

Above: News clipping from the St. Louis Republic, July 17, 1904.


See the Incubator Babies, by Hon. Murat Halstead
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 1, by John Zahorksy, 1904
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 2, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 3, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 4, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 5, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 6, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 7, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 8, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 9, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 10, by John Zahorksy, 1905
The Baby Incubators on the "Pike," Part 11, by John Zahorksy, 1905
Excerpts from John Zahorsky's Biography
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Created 8/29/2001 / Last modified 10/15/2020
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